Standard clock oscillators are believed to be the heart of frequency control products and XON serves with a wide range of Crystal Oscillators (XOs) worldwide. Whether your need is for a simple clock or you want it in developing a mission-critical system, we have the best clock oscillators for you.

Features

• Extreme Shock, Vibration, and Temperature (ranging from -55 degrees Celsius to 125 degrees Celsius).
• 3^rd overtone crystal designs as well as low phase noise fundamental.
• High Reliability / COTS / High Temperature options (up to 200 degree Celsius).
• Ultra-low phase noise and jitter; as low as -170dBc/Hz, to 22fs.
• Industrial and automotive-grade products; operating temperature to -40 degrees Celsius to 125 degrees Celsius.
• Standard output types – HCSL, HCMOS, LVDS, and LVPECL.
• Real-time clock reference at the rate of 32.768 kHz with the option for ultra-low current (10 microampere maximum).

Applications

• Radar application and military communication.
• Data storage and networking equipment.
• Automotive electronics – Mobile multimedia systems and car infotainment.
• 100G, 40G, 10G, and SyncE Ethernet protocols.
• Industrial controllers – M2M communications.
• Wireless communications – Zigbee, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi protocols.
• Measurement and Test instrumentation.
• Base station infrastructures.
• Medical monitoring devices.
• PCI Express.
• Energy monitoring equipment like - Gas and water meters, smart electric meters.
• FPGA and microcontroller frequency reference.
• IoT (Internet of Things) applications.

This was all we have regarding the standard clock oscillator. Hope you liked going through the article. Brands that manufacture these oscillators are ABRACON, Microchip, and SiTime. Check them out using the links as provided.

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Based on the IEEE 802.11 family of standards, Wi-Fi belongs to the family of wireless technologies used for networking. It is most commonly used in Internet access as well as in local area networking of devices. Devices that utilize Wi-Fi are laptops, desktops, digital cameras, drones, smart TVs, tablets, smartphones, digital audio players, etc.

Wi-Fi utilizes several parts which come under the IEEE 802 protocol family. It is intended to flawlessly interwork with its wired kin, Ethernet. Devices that are compatible can get connected with one other using a wireless access point. Not only this, but they can easily connect with other wired devices as well as with the Internet. There are different versions of Wi-Fi available as declared by IEEE 802.11 protocol standards. They are categorized on the basis of radio bands, also the Max. Ranges, and speeds that might be accomplished. Generally, Wi-Fi uses 5 gigahertz (60mm) SHF ISM and 2.4 gigahertz (120mm) UHF radio bands. These bands are further divided into several channels. A network can share these channels but at any point in time, only 1 transmitter can transmit locally on a particular channel.

There is a relatively high absorption rate by Wi-Fi’s wavebands and it is seen that it works very well in line-of-sight use. Obstructions like pillars, walls, home appliances, etc. immensely decrease the range, but at the same time in a crowded area, it helps in reducing interference among several networks. A hotspot (access point) offers an indoor range of about twenty meters (sixty-six feet) while the new ones brag to provide an outdoor range of one hundred and fifty meters ( four hundred and ninety feet). The coverage area of a hotspot can be as small as a solitary room having walls that block the radio signals, or as wide as several square kilometers with overlapping access points. Along with the time, the productivity and speed of Wi-Fi have expanded. Presently there are several versions of Wi-Fi that can reach the speed of 1Gbit per second and above when attached with compatible hardware at close range.

To get a system connected with a Wi-Fi network, a user should have the name of the network which is known as SSID (Service Set Identifier) and a password. There is a much higher chance for a Wi-Fi to get attacked than the network that is wired. The reason behind this is because anyone present within the range of a particular network with a wireless network interface controller can get access. Thus for the safety and security of a network, we have WPA or Wi-Fi Protected Access. The WPA includes technologies that are made to ensure data moving crosswise over Wi-Fi networks and incorporates solutions for the enterprise as well as personal networks. WPA utilizes the password verification technique to encode Wi-Fi packets to block hackers. With the advent of time, the security landscape has changed and the WPAs are getting stronger and smarter for protecting the data. 

Hope you liked this article on Wi-Fi. Brands that make them are Redpine, Microchip, and Digi International. Make sure to refer them using the links as provided. Thanks for reading.

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